Strategy
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ASL rule book
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Advanced Squad Leader is a book of rules
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Essential to understanding the Army's developmentOdom shows an army essentially paralyzed and left in a state of suspended animation from which it was aroused only on the brink of war. Remembering the agonizing difficulties of raising, training, and equipping a mass army after America's entry into World War I, the Army's leaders and their civilian masters placed first priority on an expansible force. At the same time, shortsightedly pennypinching Republican administrations in the 1920s and the first FDR administration's absorption in the Depression kept military expenditures and manning meager. The handful of Regulars who remained after meeting needs for deployed forces in China, the Philippines, the Canal Zone, Hawaii, and on the Mexican border were scattered across America to train Guard and Reserve forces. What little money the Army had for R&D and equipment procurement went almost entirely to an Air Corps with little interest in supporting the ground forces it wanted only to break away from. With widely scattered forces, no modern equipment, and no money for "luxuries" like transportation, the rare exercises amounted to little more than musters.
Deprived of the stimulus of real-world experience in the field and muffled by senior officers and civilians unwilling to hear critical or even novel views, the Army's officers were left with little but their memories of World War I to guide them, with the natural result that the service remained backward-looking. Had the United States been drawn into World War II in 1939 or 1940 rather than late in 1941, it would have found the Army catastrophically unprepared -- not simply in terms of manpower and matériel but in ideas about how to organize and fight. Bad as the Army's condition was in December of 1941, it vastly better than it had been two years before.
All of this is made vividly clear in this well written and well structured book. Some may feel that the author pulls his punches a little bit with respect to the responsibility of the Army's own leaders. As he makes clear, they found themselves in a very difficult corner. But I think it is fair to say that they could have prepared the Army somewhat better had they been more willing to make and defend painful tradeoffs within the limited resources they were granted. (For instance, unmentioned by Odom, the Army spent relatively substantial sums on construction of buildings in the mid to late 1930s -- badly needed, to be sure, but how badly compared to other things?) Still, Odom provides us with much of the information needed to make up our own minds on these issues.
I found this book both valuable and enjoyable. I would recommend pairing it with David E. Johnson's _Fast Tanks and Heavy Bombers: Innovation in the U.S. Army, 1917-1945_ (Cornell U. Press, 1998), which complements it in many ways. Hopefully, Odom's publishers will follow the lead of Johnson's in issuing an affordable paperbound edition. When they do so, they might consider dropping the "doctrine" from the subtitle; it will still be strictly accurate, and less likely to confuse non-professional readers.
Will O'Neil
A Superb Study in the Development of Army TransformationWilliam Odom has captured the essence of the tumultuous transformation of our Army during the period between the two World Wars in his superlative treatise After the Trenches. The transformation of our Army during the inter-war years was as profound as the transformation we are experiencing now. If you are looking for a guide that explains the importance of doctrine, weapons, and organizations to transformation, you must read Odom's After the Trenches.
Imagine the challenges facing the US Army of 1919, one year after the end of the War to End All Wars. The years 1914 to 1918 were years of profound and dramatic change. The methods of warfare that the Army had practiced before the Great War had been completely overturned. The Army went into World War I with a tradition that was largely formed from the frontier Army of he Indian Wars and the brief fighting in the Spanish American War. Armed with revolvers, sabers and wearing campaign hats in 1914, the Army finished 1918 wearing tin helmets and armed with gas masks, machine guns, rapid firing artillery, airplanes, and tanks.
True to our American tradition, after the Great War, the Army was largely disbanded. Only a small corps of professional soldiers was retained during the period from 1919 to 1939. In that time, however, warfare continued to change. In the meantime, Germany studied the lessons of the Great War, improved on the methods and weapons of WWI, and transformed its doctrine and training.
This historical appreciation is what Odom brings so masterfully to print in After the Trenches. The author explains the evolution of Army doctrine throughout this period and traces the intellectual action of an Army trying to find its way in a brave new world. He describes how the thinkers of that time guarded their uniquely American approach to war and rejected many of the European, and particularly the French, concepts that grew out of the horror of the trench warfare.
In the inter-war years, the US Army, guided by men such as General John Pershing, Hugh Drum, George Lynch, Frank Parker, and Lesley McNair tried to balance technology and the human dimension of war, and came up short. Rapid changes in the methods of war during the interwar years changed military doctrine form one "built on infantry-artillery coordination to one based on a highly mobile combined arms team." Army doctrine did not keep pace with these changes. With few men, little material, almost no funding, and no maneuvers during the years 1919-1939, it is not surprising that Army doctrine was so inadequate. Bureaucratic hassling, friction between the branches of the Army, and an inept doctrinal development process combined to create a situation that was so bad that the Army failed to coordinate a combined arms doctrine up to the eve of World War II. With the German victories in Poland, Norway, and France at the outbreak of WWII providing a blueprint for doctrine, the US Army raced to catch up. In the end, our Army paid a price in blood for its inability to transform more rapidly.
The lesson that Odom provides us is that this period of rapid change almost left the Army unprepared for the kind of combat that was to characterize World War II. Odom clearly shows in After the Trenches that the single most important reason US Army doctrine lagged so far behind was the Army's institutional deficiency to employ a tightly-run, well-coordinated doctrine development process. He provides us with a very valuable precautionary story, one that is well written and thoroughly researched
Now, imagine the challenges that our Army faces today, more than a decade after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Cold War. As Odom points out in his conclusion: "Establishment of an organization dedicated to monitoring and accommodating change is the most important element in successful modernization. This organization must address weapons, organizations, and doctrine to avoid the same calamity that befell the Army from 1919-1939. With that in mind, anyone involved in the transformation of today's Army will find After the Trenches an account worth studying.
A Classic in the Making
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Best Bonus Video Slots--A WinnerThe 'how-to' and 'what' versions of play, re: new bonus slots is revealed.
Three of my favorites are Little Green Men, Easy Street and Slingo--what fun.

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Moving example of fine qualitative researchAfter the death of her much-loved father, who was involved in the science of that era and who spent much effort later on to ensure such horrors would never again need to be unleashed, Palevsky was drawn to interview many of the physicists, now aging, who were directly responsible for those bombs. She magnificently intersperses her questions, their responses, and her impressions -- allowing readers to feel as though we were there too.
I especially appreciate the lack of easy conclusions. In the best tradition of qualitative research, Palevsky asks, reports, wonders, considers -- and leaves the unanswerable unanswered.
Atomic Fragments, A Daughter's QuestionsMr. Palevsky worked for more than thirty years as an experimental nuclear physicist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island, retiring in 1981, after a series of strokes. Throughout his life he had deep misgivings about the use of the bomb and his participation in its creation. In his waning days, he spent long hours talking with Mary about his life and work and philosophical conflicts.
After his death, Mary took on the task of addressing these moral complexities through a series of interviews with seven of the key figures in atomic history: Hans Bethe, Edward Teller, Joseph Rotblat, Philip Morrison, Robert Wilson, Herbert York and the philosopher, David Hawkins. Atomic Fragments is a record of those interviews, her quest to understand her late parents and the forces that shaped their lives...and hers. Her interviewing style is penetrating, yet not intrusive, giving each man an opportunity to rethink his own views on these monumental issues. The author's accompanying text and personal vignettes weave a thoughtful story of the remarkable circumstances surrounding one of the watershed events of the twentieth century.
Mary Palevsky has written a brilliant book which forces the reader to confront some of the major ethical issues of our time: scientific research, nuclear weapon decision-making, and public policy formation. It is a "must read" for thoughtful people of all generations.
Another Look BackPalevsky's parents worked in Los Alamos on the Manhattan Project during the last years of World War II. Their efforts in the development of the atomic bomb helped to bring the war to an end, yet in later years they expressed regrets at having contributed to the creation of such a terrible weapon. Her father especially struggled at the end of his life to "reconcile the moral complexities of the bomb." After the deaths of her parents, their questions became a large part of Palevsky's legacy. She wondered if the other Manhattan Project scientists had misgivings, so she contacted and interviewed team members still living, among them Hans Bethe, Edward Teller, Philip Morrison, Joseph Rotblat, David Hawkins, Robert Wilson, and Herbert York. What she learned surprised her. Almost all of them still believed that they did the right thing. ATOMIC FRAGMENTS: A DAUGHTER'S QUESTIONS is the result of Palevsky's verbal journeys with these men, and it is a book that answers questions for us all. The scientists openly shared memories of their work at Los Alamos and their thoughts on its result. They reflected on the secrecy, the atmosphere of the times, the contributions of Project Director Robert Oppenheimer, and their views on the decision to drop the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They also spoke of the controversial postwar development of the hydrogen bomb as well as their endeavors to control the threat of a nuclear arms race.
This book offers a beautifully written history lesson in very human terms as Palevsky skillfully weaves dialogue with personal observations and her own impeccable research. Having grown up in Los Alamos myself, I, too, have pondered questions concerning the development and use of the bomb and the cold war that ensued. This book has clarified my thinking more than any other I have read on the subject. It also confirms my opinion that the scientists interviewed were not only great scientists but also great men. I envy Mary Palevsky's time with them, and I thank her for writing a book that allows its readers such an inner view of their thoughts.

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WOW EVEN I CAN MAKE MONEY
TRY IT, YOU'LL LIKE ITMy advise read the book at least 3-times then call Tom Yarborough and put your toe in the water. See how you like it [bet you will]
Jim Atkins
Tallahassee Florida
the book covers both options and technical analysis
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Fine exposure of US state brutalityAhmed cites the American state propagandist Samuel Huntington, "Muslims ... fight non-Muslims far more often than do peoples of other civilisations." Huntington could note how many wars the US state has waged against 'non-Americans' - 74 since 1945.
The USA's precursor empire, Britain, claimed that in the Middle East it was fighting "to defend the area against the brand of Arab nationalism", that is, against its people! Similarly now, the occupying forces in Iraq claim to be defending the country - against its people!
For nearly 30 years, Saddam Hussein was one of the CIA's men in the Middle East, an obedient dictator. The CIA helped Hussein in the 1963 and 1968 coups, giving him lists of trade unionists to be killed (5000 in 1963 alone).
In 1980 Iraq attacked Iran, after the US government had given Iraq the green light to invade. There were no frantic US-British efforts at the UN to denounce Iraqi aggression! In 1982, the US government took Iraq off its list of terrorist states. Later, after Iraq had used US-supplied chemical weapons, the US government increased its licensing of dual-use technology exports to Iraq.
In 1990, Thatcher and Reagan encouraged Kuwait not to negotiate with Iraq. Then the US government assured Iraq of its neutrality, while planning its attack. The US government told us that Iraq was threatening Saudi Arabia - but commercial satellite pictures showed no Iraqi troops on the border. The Pentagon's photos, which it said proved that the troops were there, remain classified.
As for the sanctions against Iraq, the US government knew from the start that sanctions would 'fully degrade' Iraq's water treatment facilities. In 1999, the ethical Blair government prevented the shipment of vaccines to Iraqi children. "Iraqis will pay the price while he [Saddam] remains in power" said the US Deputy National Security Adviser Robert Gates. The genocidal sanctions clearly broke the Geneva Conventions against harming civilians.
Now the occupiers are opposing elections, because the wrong people would win - yet more proof that the war was never about democracy, but about oil and obedience.
A Work of GeniusAhmed's arguments simply shatter those of pro war camp, it's a shame that his voice isn't more widely heard, especially in an age where most jounalists seem to parrot official lies and offer no critical analysis at all. I am tired of hearing their pathetic arguments of 'well would you have kept him in power'. The war cannot be seen in isolation. The sanctions against Iraq that denied them clean water supplies thus causing over a million to die from preventable diseases can only be seen as Biological warfare. It is an incredible but little known fact that two heads of the UN humanitarian mission in Iraq resigned calling the sanctions genocide. The pretext for these horrific sanctions (though by no means justified) and the war was that Saddam had weapons of mass destruction. As this has proven to be untrue the real reason has become more apparent. It was simple naked imperialism, a grab for oil.
Both Blair and Bush have constantly conjured up a picture of Saddam as a dangerous monster, undoubtedly this is true. But it was their (and their predessors) actions that caused the deaths of over one million Iraqis beteen 1991 and 2003. This has to be termed one of the crimes of the century and the proponents of it should stand trial for crimes against humanity. The real tragedy was that it was commited under the authority of the United Nations, who broke their own charter by using this method of mass punishment. Genocide has occured before by the hands of dictators but when the worlds senior most governing body is responsible that is truly a nightmare scenario.
The sanctions were clearly a method of destroying the fabric of Iraqi socity and the moral of the Iraqi people so that they would have agreed to anything if it meant they were removed, even an invasion by oil grabbing imperialist powers. Ahmed's explanation of this, the Iran/Iraq war and subsequent western interventions is quite brilliant. I look forward to his future publications and would implore everyone to read this book. I can only hope that his work receives wider media access, because the world needs it. I sincerely believe he is a great genius of our time.
Oil and powerThe war was/is all about control of Middle east oil, because Iraq possesses probably the world's biggest inexpensive and high quality oil reserves.
As Ahmed clearly explains, our technological civilization is totally dependent on oil and the actual oil reserves are now being depleted at a rate of about 2 per cent each year. Control of the oil price is a crucial problem for the West, if it wants to keep its actual living standard.
Saddam, in fact, began to act independently as an oil producer and even asked to be paid in Euros (see an important article in the English paper 'The Guardian' of February 26 2003). If this policy should be adopted by other oil producers, the US would not only lose control of the oil reserves, but even of the oil price.
Fundamentally however, Ahmed's analysis is based on respect of basic human aspirations: freedom, independence, human rights.
One could say that his analysis is naïve (or idealistic), and contrary to 'normal' human behaviour, which is search for power, dominance, unchallenged hegemony. The citations of George F. Kennan and Madeleine Albright in this book are most typical (or should I say, cynical) in that respect.
Ahmed's book is a magnified example of the deeds of an unchallenged political and military power. Of course, as he proves time and again, the international sanctions against Iraq were illegal. Of course, they were intended to the fall of Saddam and the installation of a pro-Western government.
And unfortunately, nobody who wields total power (one needs another analysis why some nations got it and others not) has not exploited it in his own interest or lost it without a struggle (see the masterful analysis of power by Laura Betzig).
As a matter of fact, Ahmed himself stops short of giving an opinion on the Iranian situation during and after the reign of the by the author much admired Ayatollah Khomeini, who installed an Islamic shiite oligarchy in Iran.
Respect of human rights on the international level can only be imposed by supranational authorities (the UN, an international court). But if these authorities try to take measures against 'vital' interests of one of its members and if that member has enough power, it will neglect all the resolutions and even completely disregard them. Even if it knows that its behaviour equals or installs the 'law of the jungle'.
It is crucial for world peace that the UN should wield international power and be able to impose sanctions.
But there is another alarming and frightening aspect of the war in Iraq: freedom of speech was curbed in order to hide the truth.
If the author is correct that US troops fired deliberately at journalists whom they considered not loyal to their cause, then this is the same as the barbarous demolition of the library of Pergamon.
This book is a compelling, provocative and must read.

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Practical and Visionary
Putting away the tin cupHaving set the stage with her philosophical approach to fundraising, Ms. Grace proceeds to walk the reader through the different stages of fundraising, including annual and capital campaigns.
I used the information in this book to assist the development team at my children's school with a capital campaign. We trained a number of people in the art of fundraising and went on to raise the money needed for a new building. While I won't give Ms. Grace all the credit, I can say with confidence that the advice she dispenses is clearly written and very effective.
Shared values in donor development makes sense.

Blackjack Strategy Cards - Don't Leave Home Without Them(Note to Amazon - Please post this review for all four strategy cards. Thanks.
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One red chipYou actually recieve 3 double-sided, laminated strategy cards (4 strategy, 1 explanation, 1 cover) connected together that easily fold out and refold so the game variation you need is right on top. The 4-8 deck cards are very handy for review or learning the strategy variations between Hit 17/Stand 17 and Doubling After Split Allowed/Not Allowed. Should you surrender 15 vs. 10 when the dealer stands on Soft 17? The surrender variations are provided.
I found the cards very easy to read because of their larger size and good color use. It's easy to find the intersection of your hand vs. the dealer up card, especially since the dealer up card is located at the top and the bottom of each card. They are handly to have for quick review on a plane, hotel room or between casinos. They fit neatly in a shirt or pants pocket and are very flexible. Since they're laminated, so don't worry too much about those swim up blackjack games. I didn't see a picture of the cards shown here, but you can go to http://www.bj678.com/bj_strat_cards.htm for a view.
For one red chip, these cards will pay for themselves quickly, especially when you forget those pesky soft double-downs. Kudos to Mr. Marcus for this indespensible tool.

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The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in The Interlinked
worth reading to live in the coming 21th century
THE REAL LOGIC OF THE WORLDI was a political science major in college in the United States. I! tried hard to understand the logic of the world while studying hegemonies of various nations. However, I can tell that this book was the most powerful book for me to understand the world, not all the thick textbooks or ugly notes from the boring lectures.
So, why don't you give it a try and order this phenomenal book with Amazon!
Thank you very much, Dr. Ohmae & Amazon.
Minoru Nadai, alias NORM

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Excellent Book
Worth it's Price and the time you spend reading itThis book is well illustrated and logically organized. You can read it front to back, or just use it as a reference tool for any specific part of Drag Racing you are interested in learning more about.
Even though this book is already a few years old in print, it still provides accurate fundamentals which have remained virtually unchanged in this sport for 25 years or more.
If you are looking for a technical manual on 4 link geometry, look elsewhere. If you want to further your basic knowledge, read this book. I wish that high school auto shops would include this book in their class as a study guide. The future of our sport, or any sport for that matter, depends upon new players. Many "first time" racers have shared their stories with me about their desire to participate in the sport of Drag Racing, but they were reluctant to approach any current racers they don't personally know for help and advice on getting started. This book answers many of the basic questions about bracket racing / drag racing as well as serving as a valuable guide for racers with experience in the sport.
If this book were used in Auto Shop classes, the number of racers would increase. Knowledge is power, and power supports confidence. Knowing the fundamentals about drag racing and helping any "rookie" avoid embarassment for trying this sport can be accomplished by reading this book
Just when we think we know it all about any topic, a book well written about the fundamentals of the topic teaches us some more. This is that book.
Very useful information for all who enjoy Bracket Racing
Get together with some friends and play it, the Prisoner