Going-away

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A Great Book
A journey through American labor history
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Immigrant Family's Tough Times in Early 20thC CaliforniaGreta Adele and Ludwig Karl Ritter, a carpenter and cabinet maker traveled in 1906 from Germany to California with their three small children, attracted by prospects of well-paying work created by the aftermath of the San Francisco earthquake. Their letters--translated by the editors [the grandchildren of Greta and Ludwig)--form the text of GOING AWAY. The book is referred to as "Episodic Fiction." Apparently this means changing some real names and places in order to preserve the privacy of still-living descendents. In all other respects GOING AWAY is a work of non-fiction.
From the first day of their voyage Greta and Ludwig wrote letters home. Most of the letters were penned by Greta who described in vivid images the stench of seasickness and the unaccustomed hot climate as their ship approached Galveston, Texas. (San Francisco was subsequently reached by train). Early letters reflect happy optimism: an apartment in Alameda, a job for Karl, a warm and inviting climate. Within a year they purchased a fruit farm and built a home. Soon they owned a bigger farm while expanding their family at the same time.
As the years passed the letters began to reflect a gradual decline in confidence. Pessimism set in as financial problems grew, difficulties mounted, and prosperity proved elusive. While fellow immigrants and American neighbors thrived, the Ritters sank into debt caused by constant borrowing and over-large ambitions. Frequently Greta had to ask relatives in Germany for financial help. But the biggest burden came with the expense of each additional child--twelve in all by 1917.
Greta comes across as the ultimate hero of this story. Unlike Ludwig whose work took him away from the home, enabling him to make friends, learn English and soak up the new culture, Greta's days at home were filled with sameness: laundry, baking bread for the family, scrubbing, mending and making clothes, coping with ailments and accidents, seeing to the garden and animals on the farm--and bearing one child after another. As a result,her health declined preciptiously (today a doctor would warn against more pregancies). It was much harder for her to learn English, make friends and participate in a social life. She withdrew into hereself and yearned for the old country where she had always fit in, had been loved and valued. When World War I cut all communication with Germany for four years, Greta's psychological state deteriorated.
As Greta's health declined, she wrote less frequently. By the time she was the mother of five her back was giving out and her legs were swollen with varicose veins "the size of an egg." When the barn door hit her ankle and left her unable to walk for days she wrote: "I practically crawl since nothing gets along without me here." At one point she said she would be happy if God sent her no more "little blessings." But time and again she reports another birth, saying "eight now, and that's enough." Then, "eleven and we have all that we can manage." But the babies kept on coming. Greta envied her American neighbors' small families and listened to their hints at birth control solutions found at the pharmacy, but she never wavered from her devout Catholicism and German family traditions.
Between the age of 29 and 43 (14 years), Greta produced 13 children (one premature baby died). Although the book's preface praises Ludwig for being strengthened by adversity, for learning English, reading about farming, and making friends, the case must also be made for Greta She faced adversity by devoting all her strength rearing and educating her children and supporting Ludwig in all his ambitions and enterprises.
GOING AWAY is not a long book but it contributes significantly to the literature of the immigrant experience by documenting the fact that not all who came to the United States made a success of it. For Greta and Ludwig the better life they hoped and planned for was more completely realized in their children, all of whom achieved higher education and successful lives.


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